1. Why does each individual's endeavor toward self-preservation result in conflict with others?
2. Why is there no right and wrong, justice or injustice, my or your property ("propriety") in the state of war of every man against every man "where there is no common power"?
3. How does Hobbes use the distinction between natural right (jus naturale) and natural law (lex naturale) to support the two branches of his first law of nature?
4. How is giving up one's right to determine how to preserve his/her life a voluntary act?
5. How is injustice a violation of the third "law" of nature but not a violation of the first two?
6. How is Hobbes' recommendation for making social agreements "constant and lasting" central to the creation of the commonwealth?
7. Why can't the sovereign violate the social covenant or commit an injustice? And why is everyone who initially agrees to the covenant bound to abide by the sovereign's will?
8. What does Hobbes mean by saying that "in the act of our submission, consisteth both our obligation, and our liberty"?
9. By what two rights do human beings have the authority to punish those who transgress the law of nature, according to Locke?
10. How do Locke and Hobbes differ on the distinction between the state of nature and the state of war?
11. For Locke, how is private property based on labor?
12. According to Locke, what is the "great and chief" purpose for civil (i.e., governed) society? What three problems does governed existence avoid?